Control of PV-FC-Battery-SC Hybrid System for Standalone DC load

Abstract— 

This paper presents a hybrid system comprise of Photovoltaic (PV), Battery, Supercapacitor (SC), Fuel Cell (FC)
to meet isolated DC load demand. The PV is the primary energy source, whereas battery and SC both are considered for their different power density to supply transient and steady load respectively. To increase the reliability of the system the fourth source FC has been chosen to keep the battery fully charged. All sources are connected to DC bus by different DC-DC converters. A power flow control strategy adapts their variable DC voltage to Bus voltage by means of these converters. In this work, FC is chosen to work for a limited period. This will avoid the over sizing of the FC and limit the operational cost of the system. The whole energy management principle has been validated in MATLAB/SIMUINK with variable load demand and solar radiation profile.

Optimal Speed Control of Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Abstract

The main objective of this paper is to control the speed of Nonlinear Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) by controlling the throttle position. Various control techniques such as well known Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller in conjunction with state feedback controller (SFC) such as Pole Placement Technique (PPT), Observer Based Controller (OBC) and Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) Controller are designed. Some Intelligent control techniques e.g. fuzzy logic PD, Fuzzy logic PI along with Adaptive Controller such as Self Organizing Controller (SOC) is also designed. The design objective in this research paper is to provide smooth throttle movement, zero steady-state speed error, and to maintain a Selected Vehicle (SV) speed. A comparative study is carried out in order to identify the superiority of optimal control technique so as to get improved fuel economy, reduced pollution, improved driving safety and reduced manufacturing costs.

A Novel Design of Hybrid Energy Storage System for Electric Vehicles

Abstract: 

In order to provide long distance endurance and ensure the minimization of a cost function for electric vehicles, a new hybrid energy storage system for electric vehicle is designed in this paper. For the hybrid energy storage system, the paper proposes an optimal control algorithm designed using a Li-ion battery power dynamic limitation rule-based control based on the SOC of the super-capacitor. At the same time, the magnetic integration technology adding a second-order Bessel low-pass filter is introduced to DC-DC converters of electric vehicles. As a result, the size of battery is reduced, and the power quality of the hybrid energy storage system is optimized. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by simulation and experiment.

Performance Analysis of Photovoltaic based DSTATCOM using SRF and IRP Control Theory

Abstract- 

The Power quality has become one of the most vital issue to both electric utilities and end level users of electric power • Automation has completely changed the load nature due to widespread use of power electronic based drives such as adjustable speed drives, Energy efficient lighting, PC's, office accessories etc. All power electronic based sensitive equipments are the major fatalities of power quality problems such as voltage Sag, Swell, Waveform distortion , Poor power factor etc. In this paper , a three phase three wire Distribution Static Compensator (DSTATCOM) which is fed by Photovoltaic (PV) array is proposed for power quality improvement. The DSTATCOM is a three leg voltage source Inverter (VSI) with a DC link capacitor. Photovoltaic module is used to keep regulate the desired voltage at DC link . The Power quality improvement is achieved in terms of reactive power compensation ,Power factor correction, Harmonic reduction, DC voltage control. In this paper, the performance of DSTATCOM is shown for Power factor correction(PFC) and Zero voltage regulation (ZVR) modes using d-q and p-q theories of control. The effectiveness of the PV based DSTATCOM is verified with simulation results. The simulation is carried out on MATLAB soſtware using Simulink and PSB toolboxes.

Design and Performance Analysis of Three-Phase Solar PV Integrated UPQC

Abstract—

This paper deals with the design and performance analysis of a three-phase single stage solar photovoltaic integrated unified power quality conditioner (PV-UPQC). The PV-UPQC consists of a shunt and series connected voltage compensators connected back to back with common DC-link.The shunt compensator performs the dual function of extracting power from PV array apart from compensating for load current harmonics. An improved synchronous reference frame control based on moving average filter is used for extraction of load active current component for improved performance of the PVUPQC. The series compensator compensates for the grid side power quality problems such as grid voltage sags/swells. The compensator injects voltage in-phase/out of phase with point of common coupling (PCC) voltage during sag and swell conditions respectively. The proposed system combines both the benefits of clean energy generation along with improving power quality. The steady state and dynamic performance of the system are evaluated by simulating in Matlab-Simulink under a nonlinear load. The system performance is then verified using a scaled down laboratory prototype under a number of disturbances such as load unbalancing, PCC voltage sags/swells and irradiation variation.

FAULT DETECTION OF BRUSHLESS PERMANENT MAGNET MACHINE DRIVES

Abstract--

In the last two decades, permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) have attracted much interest and have been largely investigated for modern industries and special applications. Although the use of the permanent magnet for the magnetic field creation brings a number of merits, the low fault tolerance capability is an inherent weak point for the PMSMs. A few short-circuit turns lead to significant increase in the faulting winding current and excessive heat generation. This may further propagate and eventually cause a catastrophic failure. Based on the above reason, fault detection in PMSMs has become crucially important and necessary, especially for applications demanding high security and reliability. This forms the basic motivation of this research work.

In this thesis, the modelling of PMSM with inter-turn short-circuit faults is presented first. The developed PMSM model can represent the motor operation under normal and short-circuit fault conditions. A winding fault detection technique is addressed by applying the sequence component theory. To eliminate the influence of disturbances on fault detection, a fuzzy logic based approach is considered in this work. The simulation results have shown that the proposed fault detection approach is capable of diagnosing the faulting phase accurately and quickly under both load and speed fluctuations.

Efficient Maximum Power Point Tracking for a Distributed PV System under Rapidly Changing Environmental Conditions

Abstract—

When conventional maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques are required to operate fast under rapidly changing environmental conditions, a large power loss can be caused by slow tracking speed, output power fluctuation, or additionally required ad hoc parameters. This paper proposes a fast and efficient MPPT technique that minimizes the power loss with the adaptively binary-weighted step (ABWS) followed by the monotonically decreased step (MDS) without causing output power fluctuation or requiring additional ad hoc parameter. The proposed MPPT system for a photovoltaic (PV) module is implemented by a boost converter with a microcontroller unit. The theoretical analysis and the simulation results show that the proposed MPPT provides fast and accurate tracking under rapidly changing environmental conditions. The experimental results based on a distributed PV system demonstrate that the proposed MPPT technique is superior to the conventional perturb and observe (P&O) technique, which reduces the tracking time and the overall power loss by up to 82.95%, 91.51% and 82.46%, 97.71% for two PV modules, respectively.